Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s are a form of electric vehicle which include an electric drive as well as gasoline-powered generator to recharge the energy storage elements which supply power to the electric drive. The two major elements that comprise Energy Storage systems are ultacapacitors and batteries. Batteries have a higher energy density than ultacapacitors but are unable to supply large, quick bursts of energy and also unable to properly store the power generated during regenerative braking. Ultracapacitors are able to charge/discharge very quickly, making them ideal for power delivery when the driver requires large forward-motion acceleration and also for storing the electrical energy generated during regenerative braking.
In an effort to maximize the efficiency of the Energy Storage system, an optimal control strategy should be implemented to control the charging/discharging of the system depending upon the vehicles current state and driver inputs. This optimal control strategy would direct the flow of energy from the vehicle's regenerative braking system to the ultracapacitor bank and should discharge the battery and ultracapacitors depending upon current driving habits.
This control system could be implemented with Fuzzy Logic controllers, Neural Network controllers, or a dynamic gain controller.
TO RESEARCH: Regenerative Braking, Fuzzy Logic, Neural Network / Adaptive Control.
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